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engine problems

nothing is perfect in this world 
neither you nor me and not even the machines we encounter in our day to day life 
for example the car engine 
now suppose one day you wake up late getting late for your work and when you try to start your car 
you are like "oh my god " not again why this car engine doesnt work properly 
now what comes first in your mind  What could be wrong?
 Now that you know how an engine works(plz see the previous blog for more details ), you can understand  basic things that can keep an engine from running. 
Three fundamental problems that might be spoiling your day 
  1. : a bad fuel mix,
  2.  lack of compression
  3.  lack of spark. 
Beyond that, thousands of minor things can create problems, but these are the "big three." Based on the simple engine we have been discussing, here is a quick rundown on how these problems affect your engine:
  • Bad fuel mix - A bad fuel mix can occur in several ways:

-if your gas tank is empty 
-clogged air intake  so there is fuel but not enough air.
-problems in fuel system like it is providing much or lesser fuel , meaning that combustion does not occur properly.
-impure fuel (like water in your gas tank) that makes the fuel not burn.
  • Lack of compression - If the charge of air and fuel cannot be compressed properly, the combustion process will not work like it should. Lack of compression might occur for these reasons:

-problem with piston rings like your cars  piston rings are worn (allowing air/fuel to leak past the piston during compression).
-The intake or exhaust valves are not sealing properly, again allowing a leak during compression.
-There is a hole in the cylinder.
-The most common "hole" in a cylinder occurs where the top of the cylinder (holding the valves and spark plug and also known as the cylinder head) attaches to the cylinder itself. Generally, the cylinder and the cylinder head bolt together with a thin gasket pressed between them to ensure a good seal. If the gasket breaks down, small holes develop between the cylinder and the cylinder head, and these holes cause leaks.
  • Lack of spark - The spark might be nonexistent or weak for a number of reasons:

-If your spark plug or the wire leading to it is worn out, the spark will be weak.
-If the wire is cut or missing, or if the system that sends a spark down the wire is not working properly, there will be no spark.
-If the spark occurs either too early or too late in the cycle (i.e. if the ignition timing is off), the fuel will not ignite at the right time, and this can cause all sorts of problems.
  • Many other things can go wrong. For example:

-If the battery is dead, you cannot turn over the engine to start it.
-If the bearings that allow the crankshaft to turn freely are worn out, the crankshaft cannot turn so the engine cannot run.
-If the valves do not open and close at the right time or at all, air cannot get in and exhaust cannot get out, so the engine cannot run.
-If someone sticks a potato up your tailpipe, exhaust cannot exit the cylinder so the engine will not run.
-If you run out of oil, the piston cannot move up and down freely in the cylinder, and the engine will seize.

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